![]() Communicating with the survivor by radio or visual signaling to conduct authentication. Locating the aircrew or isolated personnel (survivor) by visual or electronic search methods to pinpoint the survivor's location and permit recovery. This primary task can be broken into three sub-tasks. The primary operational task of rescue is to locate, communicate with, and recover downed aircrews and isolated personnel. The TRAP mission differs from CSAR in that it usually does not involve extended air search procedures to locate possible survivors. Marine air-ground task forces (MAGTFs) do not routinely train to conduct the search portion of CSAR, particularly in a medium or high air threat environment. ![]() Marine Corps forces perform self-supporting recovery operations and external CSAR support through a concept known as TRAP. The Marine Corps views CSAR as an implied tasking that should not detract from primary functions. HH-60H crews are specially trained in nap-of-the-earth and terrain flight, flying in hostile environments, night flying using night vision goggles (NVG), and NSW support. Squadrons equipped with HH-60H helicopters are trained to conduct day and night CSAR and naval special warfare (NSW) operations in a hostile environment against small arms and infrared (IR) missiles. Naval organic battle group CSAR assets consist of selected CSAR-trained crews within each carrier-based helicopter antisubmarine warfare squadron (HS). The MEDEVAC units are being equipped with PLSs and can conduct CSAR operations in addition to MEDEVAC operations. Additionally, ground maneuver units could be assigned to accomplish CSAR operations. The Army does not have dedicated CSAR units or aircraft however, CSAR is a secondary mission for Army aviation, medical evacuation (MEDEVAC) units, and watercraft units. To meet the requirements of a lead service, the Air Force has equipped and trained specialized rescue forces to conduct CSAR. The USAF has been designated by DOD as the lead service for Combat Search and Rescue (CSAR). Presidential interest was high concerning the safety of US military forces and our ability to recover them if necessary. Additionally, soon after planning began during recent crises, the White House staff requested the Joint Staff provide their concept of personnel recovery for the contingency for review. In each instance, recovery assets were among the first to arrive in theater so they would be ready to support combat operations. ![]() It is significant that recent world events requiring military planning options also involved the deployment of combat search and rescue forces. Personnel recovery has become an increasingly important mission area receiving added emphasis among OSD policy makers and throughout DoD. ![]()
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